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Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 5345-5355, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Genome Structure and Expression of the ev/J Family of Avian Endogenous Viruses

Brian L. Ruis,1 Scott J. Benson,2 and Kathleen F. Conklin1,*

Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development1 and Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics,2 University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455

Received 8 January 1999/Accepted 24 March 1999

We recently reported the identification of sequences in the chicken genome that show over 95% identity to the novel envelope gene of the subgroup J avian leukosis virus (S. J. Benson, B. L. Ruis, A. M. Fadly, and K. F. Conklin, J. Virol. 72:10157-10164, 1998). Based on the fact that the endogenous subgroup J-related env genes were associated with long terminal repeats (LTRs), we concluded that these LTR-env sequences defined a new family of avian endogenous viruses that we designated the ev/J family. In this report, we have further characterized the content and expression of the ev/J proviruses. The data obtained indicate that there are between 6 and 11 copies of ev/J proviruses in all chicken cells examined and that these proviruses fall into six classes. Of the 18 proviruses examined, all share a high degree of sequence identity and all contain an internal deletion that removes all of the pol gene and various amounts of gag and env gene sequences. Sequencing of the gag genes, LTRs, and untranslated regions of several ev/J proviruses revealed a high level of identity between isolates, indicating that they have not undergone significant sequence variation since their introduction into the avian germ line. Although the ev/J gag gene showed a relatively weak relationship (46% identity and 61% similarity at the amino acid level) to that of the avian leukosis-sarcoma virus family, it retains several sequences of demonstrated importance for virus assembly, budding, and/or infectivity. Finally, evidence was obtained that at least some members of the ev/J family are expressed and, if translated, could encode Gag- and Env-related polypeptides.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Genetics, Cell Biology, and Development, University of Minnesota Medical School, Box 206 FUMC, 515 Delaware St. S.E., Minneapolis, MN 55455. Phone: (612) 626-0445. Fax: (612) 626-7031. E-mail: kathleen{at}lenti.med.umn.edu.

Journal of Virology, July 1999, p. 5345-5355, Vol. 73, No. 7
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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