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Journal of Virology, May 1999, p. 4465-4469, Vol. 73, No. 5
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Molecular Cloning and Expression of Major Structural Protein VP1 of the Human Polyomavirus JC Virus: Formation of Virus-Like Particles Useful for Immunological and Therapeutic Studies

Claudia Goldmann,1 Harald Petry,1 Stephan Frye,1,2 Oliver Ast,1 Susanne Ebitsch,1 Klaus-Dieter Jentsch,1 Franz-Josef Kaup,3 Frank Weber,2 Corinna Trebst,2 Thomas Nisslein,1 Gerhard Hunsmann,1 Thomas Weber,2,dagger and Wolfgang Lüke1,*

Department of Virology and Immunology1 and Department of Experimental Pathology,3 German Primate Centre, and Department of Neurology, University of Göttingen,2 D-37077 Göttingen, Germany

Received 23 April 1997/Accepted 1 February 1999

The major structural viral protein, VP1, of the human polyomavirus JC virus (JCV), the causative agent of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), was expressed by using recombinant baculoviruses. Recombinant VP1 formed virus-like particles (VLP) with the typical morphology of empty JCV capsids. Purified VP1 VLP bind to SVG, B, and T cells, as well as to monkey kidney cells. After binding, VP1 VLP were also internalized with high efficiency and transported to the nucleus. Immunization studies revealed these particles as highly immunogenic when administered with adjuvant, while immunization without adjuvant induced no immune response. VP1 VLP hyperimmune serum inhibits binding to SVG cells and neutralizes natural JCV. Furthermore, the potential of VP1 VLP as an efficient transporter system for gene therapy was demonstrated. Exogenous DNA could be efficiently packaged into VP1 VLP, and the packaged DNA was transferred into COS-7 cells as shown by the expression of a marker gene. Thus, VP1 VLP are useful for PML vaccine development and represent a potential new transporter system for human gene therapy.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Virology and Immunology, German Primate Centre, Kellnerweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany. Phone: 49-551-3851152. Fax: 49-551-3851184. E-mail: WLUEKE{at}WWW.DPZ.GWDG.DE.

dagger Present address: Neurological Clinic, Marienkrankenhaus, 22087 Hamburg, Germany.

Journal of Virology, May 1999, p. 4465-4469, Vol. 73, No. 5
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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