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Journal of Virology, May 1999, p. 3582-3586, Vol. 73, No. 5
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Identification of a Novel GC-Rich 113-Nucleotide Region To Complete the Circular, Single-Stranded DNA Genome of TT Virus, the First Human Circovirus

Hironori Miyata,1 Hiroaki Tsunoda,1 Aslamuzzaman Kazi,1 Akio Yamada,1 Mohammed Ali Khan,1 Jun Murakami,2 Toshio Kamahora,1 Kazuo Shiraki,2 and Shigeo Hino1,*

Departments of Virology1 and Pediatrics,2 Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan

Received 26 October 1998/Accepted 21 January 1999

The sequence data (H. Okamoto et al., Hepatol. Res. 10:1-16, 1998) of a newly discovered single-stranded DNA virus, TT virus (TTV), showed that it did not have the terminal structure typical of a parvovirus. Elucidation of the complete genome structure was necessary to understand the nature of TTV. We obtained a 1.0-kb amplified product from serum samples of four TTV carriers by an inverted, nested long PCR targeted for nucleotides (nt) 3025 to 3739 and 1 to 216 of TTV. The sequence of a clone obtained from serum sample TA278 was compared with those registered in GenBank. The complete circular TTV genome contained a novel sequence of 113 nt (nt 3740 to 3852 [=0]) in between the known 3'- and 5'-end arms, forming a 117-nt GC-rich stretch (GC content, 90.6% at nt 3736 to 3852). We found a 36-nt stretch (nt 3816 to 3851) with an 80.6% similarity to chicken anemia virus (CAV) (nt 2237 to 2272 of M55918), a vertebrate circovirus. A putative SP-1 site was located at nt 3834 to 3839, followed by a TATA box at nt 85 to 90, the first initiation codon of a putative VP2 at nt 107 to 109, the termination codon of a putative VP1 at nt 2899 to 2901, and a poly(A) signal at nt 3073 to 3078. The arrangement was similar to that of CAV. Furthermore, several AP-2 and ATF/CREB binding sites and an NF-kappa B site were arranged around the GC-rich region in both TTV and CAV. The data suggested that TTV is circular and similar to CAV in its genomic organization, implying that TTV is the first human circovirus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Virology, 86 Nishi, Yonago 683-8503, Japan. Phone: 81-859-34-8021. Fax: 81-859-34-8133. E-mail: hino{at}grape.med.tottori-u.ac.jp.

Journal of Virology, May 1999, p. 3582-3586, Vol. 73, No. 5
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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