This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Ulich, C.
Right arrow Articles by Harrich, D.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Ulich, C.
Right arrow Articles by Harrich, D.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, March 1999, p. 2499-2508, Vol. 73, No. 3
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Functional Domains of Tat Required for Efficient Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptiondagger

Catherine Ulich,1 Amanda Dunne,2,Dagger Emma Parry,2 C. William Hooker,2 Richard B. Gaynor,1 and David Harrich2,*

Division of Hematology and Oncology, Departments of Internal Medicine and Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235-8594,1 and HIV Research Unit, National Centre for HIV Virology Research, Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston, Queensland, Australia 40292

Received 8 October 1998/Accepted 30 November 1998

Tat expression is required for efficient human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcription. In the present study, we generated a series of 293 cell lines that contained a provirus with a tat gene deletion (Delta tat). Cell lines that contained Delta tat and stably transfected vectors containing either wild-type tat or a number of tat mutants were obtained so that the abilities of these tat genes to stimulate HIV-1 gene expression and reverse transcription could be compared. tat genes with mutations in the amino terminus did not stimulate either viral gene expression or HIV-1 reverse transcription. In contrast, tat mutants in the activation, core, and basic domains of Tat did not stimulate HIV-1 gene expression but markedly stimulated HIV-1 reverse transcription. No differences in the levels of virion genomic RNA or tRNA3Lys were seen in the HIV-1 Delta tat viruses complemented with either mutant or wild-type tat. Finally, overexpression of the Tat-associated kinases CDK7 and CDK9, which are involved in Tat activation of HIV-1 transcription, was not able to complement the reverse transcription defects associated with the lack of a functional tat gene. These results indicate that the mechanism by which tat modulates HIV-1 reverse transcription is distinct from its ability to activate HIV-1 gene expression.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre, Royal Children's Hospital, Herston Rd., Herston, Queensland, Australia 4029. Phone: 617-3253-1679. Fax: 617-3253-1401. E-mail: d.harrich{at}mailbox.uq.edu.au.

dagger Publication no. 94 from the Sir Albert Sakzewski Virus Research Centre.

Dagger Present address: AIDS Pathogenesis Research Unit, Macfarlane Burnet Centre, Fairfield, Victoria, Australia 3078.

Journal of Virology, March 1999, p. 2499-2508, Vol. 73, No. 3
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Das, A. T., Klaver, B., Harwig, A., Vink, M., Ooms, M., Centlivre, M., Berkhout, B. (2007). Construction of a Doxycycline-Dependent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Reveals a Nontranscriptional Function of Tat in Viral Replication. J. Virol. 81: 11159-11169 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Xie, B., Calabro, V., Wainberg, M. A., Frankel, A. D. (2004). Selection of TAR RNA-Binding Chameleon Peptides by Using a Retroviral Replication System. J. Virol. 78: 1456-1463 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Apolloni, A., Hooker, C. W., Mak, J., Harrich, D. (2003). Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Protease Regulation of Tat Activity Is Essential for Efficient Reverse Transcription and Replication. J. Virol. 77: 9912-9921 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kameoka, M., Morgan, M., Binette, M., Russell, R. S., Rong, L., Guo, X., Mouland, A., Kleiman, L., Liang, C., Wainberg, M. A. (2002). The Tat Protein of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Can Promote Placement of tRNA Primer onto Viral RNA and Suppress Later DNA Polymerization in HIV-1 Reverse Transcription. J. Virol. 76: 3637-3645 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Hooker, C. W., Lott, W. B., Harrich, D. (2001). Inhibitors of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Reverse Transcriptase Target Distinct Phases of Early Reverse Transcription. J. Virol. 75: 3095-3104 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Kameoka, M., Rong, L., Götte, M., Liang, C., Russell, R. S., Wainberg, M. A. (2001). Role for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Tat Protein in Suppression of Viral Reverse Transcriptase Activity during Late Stages of Viral Replication. J. Virol. 75: 2675-2683 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Verhoef, K., Marzio, G., Hillen, W., Bujard, H., Berkhout, B. (2001). Strict Control of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication by a Genetic Switch: Tet for Tat. J. Virol. 75: 979-987 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Harrich, D., Hooker, C. W., Parry, E. (2000). The Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 TAR RNA Upper Stem-Loop Plays Distinct Roles in Reverse Transcription and RNA Packaging. J. Virol. 74: 5639-5646 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Jeang, K.-T., Xiao, H., Rich, E. A. (1999). Multifaceted Activities of the HIV-1 Transactivator of Transcription, Tat. J. Biol. Chem. 274: 28837-28840 [Full Text]  
  • Fujii, R., Okamoto, M., Aratani, S., Oishi, T., Ohshima, T., Taira, K., Baba, M., Fukamizu, A., Nakajima, T. (2001). A Role of RNA Helicase A in cis-Acting Transactivation Response Element-mediated Transcriptional Regulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 5445-5451 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Holloway, A. F., Occhiodoro, F., Mittler, G., Meisterernst, M., Shannon, M. F. (2000). Functional Interaction between the HIV Transactivator Tat and the Transcriptional Coactivator PC4 in T Cells. J. Biol. Chem. 275: 21668-21677 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»