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Journal of Virology, November 1999, p. 8958-8965, Vol. 73, No. 11
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Nonreplicative RNA Recombination in Poliovirus

Anatoly P. Gmyl,1 Evgeny V. Belousov,1,2 Svetlana V. Maslova,1 Elena V. Khitrina,1 Alexander B. Chetverin,3 and Vadim I. Agol1,2,*

Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow Region 142782,1 Moscow State University, Moscow 119899,2 and Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region 142292,3 Russia

Received 7 April 1999/Accepted 23 July 1999

Current models of recombination between viral RNAs are based on replicative template-switch mechanisms. The existence of nonreplicative RNA recombination in poliovirus is demonstrated in the present study by the rescue of viable viruses after cotransfections with different pairs of genomic RNA fragments with suppressed translatable and replicating capacities. Approximately 100 distinct recombinant genomes have been identified. The majority of crossovers occurred between nonhomologous segments of the partners and might have resulted from transesterification reactions, not necessarily involving an enzymatic activity. Some of the crossover loci are clustered. The origin of some of these "hot spots" could be explained by invoking structures similar to known ribozymes. A significant proportion of recombinant RNAs contained the entire 5' partner, if its 3' end was oxidized or phosphorylated prior to being mixed with the 3' partner. All of these observations are consistent with a mechanism that involves intermediary formation of the 2',3'-cyclic phosphate and 5'-hydroxyl termini. It is proposed that nonreplicative RNA recombination may contribute to evolutionarily significant RNA rearrangements.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Poliomyelitis, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Moscow Region 142782, Russia. Phone: (95) 439-90-26. Fax: (95) 439-93-21. E-mail: viago{at}ipive.genebee.msu.su.

Journal of Virology, November 1999, p. 8958-8965, Vol. 73, No. 11
0022-538X/99/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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