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Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7620-7625, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
Stabilization of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type
1 Envelope Glycoprotein Trimers by Disulfide Bonds Introduced into the
gp41 Glycoprotein Ectodomain
Michael
Farzan,1,*
Hyeryun
Choe,1
Elizabeth
Desjardins,1
Ying
Sun,1
Jens
Kuhn,1
Jie
Cao,1
Danielle
Archambault,1
Peter
Kolchinsky,1
Markus
Koch,1
Richard
Wyatt,1 and
Joseph
Sodroski1,2
Division of Human Retrovirology, Dana-Farber
Cancer Institute, and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical
School,1 and
Department of Cancer
Biology, Harvard School of Public Health,2
Boston, Massachusetts 02115
Received 8 August 1997/Accepted 21 May 1998
Biochemical and structural studies of fragments of the ectodomain
of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp41 transmembrane
envelope glycoprotein have demonstrated that the molecular contacts
between alpha helices allow the formation of a trimeric coiled coil. By
introducing cysteine residues into specific locations along these alpha
helices, the normally labile HIV-1 gp160 envelope glycoprotein was
converted into a stable disulfide-linked oligomer. Although proteolytic
cleavage into gp120 and gp41 glycoproteins was largely blocked, the
disulfide-linked oligomer was efficiently transported to the cell
surface and was recognized by a series of conformationally dependent
antibodies. The pattern of hetero-oligomer formation between this
construct and an analogous construct lacking portions of the gp120
variable loops and of the gp41 cytoplasmic tail demonstrates that these oligomers are trimers. These results support the relevance of the
proposed gp41 structure and intersubunit contacts to the native, complete HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein. Disulfide-mediated stabilization of the labile HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein oligomer, which has been
suggested to possess advantages as an immunogen, may assist attempts to
develop vaccines.
*
Corresponding author. Mailing address: JFB824,
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney St., Boston, MA 02115. Phone:
(617) 632-4358. Fax: (617) 632-3113. E-mail:
farzan{at}mbcrr.harvard.edu.
Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7620-7625, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.
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