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Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7459-7466, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Sequence Analysis of Mus dunni Endogenous Virus Reveals a Hybrid VL30/Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus-Like Structure and a Distinct Envelope

Greg Wolgamot,1,2,3 Lynn Bonham,1,dagger and A. Dusty Miller1,2,*

Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109,1 and Department of Pathology2 and Medical Scientist Training Program,3 University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195

Received 18 March 1998/Accepted 15 June 1998

Mus dunni endogenous virus (MDEV) can be activated from M. dunni cells by exposing the cells to hydrocortisone or 5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine. Interference analysis has revealed that MDEV uses a receptor for cell entry that is different from those used by other murine retroviruses. The entire genome has now been sequenced, revealing a long terminal repeat (LTR)-gag-pol-env-LTR structure typical of simple retroviruses of the murine leukemia virus genus, with no additional open reading frames between env and the 3' LTR. The LTRs and other noncoding regions of MDEV are most closely related to those of VL30 elements, while the majority of the coding sequences are most closely related to those of gibbon ape leukemia virus. MDEV represents the first example of a naturally occurring, replication-competent virus with sequences closely related to VL30 elements. The U3 region of MDEV contains six nearly perfect 80-bp repeats and the beginning of a seventh, and the region expected to contain the packaging sequence contains approximately four imperfect 33-bp repeats. The receptor specificity domains of the envelope are unique among retroviruses and show no apparent similarity to regions of known proteins.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. North, Seattle, WA 98109. Phone: (206) 667-2890. Fax: (206) 667-6523. E-mail: dmiller{at}fhcrc.org.

dagger Present address: Cell Therapeutics, Inc., Seattle, WA 98119.

Journal of Virology, September 1998, p. 7459-7466, Vol. 72, No. 9
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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