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J Virol, April 1998, p. 3390-3393, Vol. 72, No. 4
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Rotavirus 2/6 Viruslike Particles Administered Intranasally with Cholera Toxin, Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Toxin (LT), and LT-R192G Induce Protection from Rotavirus Challenge

Christine M. O'Neal,1 John D. Clements,2 Mary K. Estes,1 and Margaret E. Conner1,*

Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030,1 and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University Medical Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 701122

Received 1 October 1997/Accepted 16 December 1997

We have shown that rotavirus 2/6 viruslike particles composed of proteins VP2 and VP6 (2/6-VLPs) administered to mice intranasally with cholera toxin (CT) induced protection from rotavirus challenge, as measured by virus shedding. Since it is unclear if CT will be approved for human use, we evaluated the adjuvanticity of Escherichia coli heat-labile toxin (LT) and LT-R192G. Mice were inoculated intranasally with 10 µg of 2/6-VLPs combined with CT, LT, or LT-R192G. All three adjuvants induced equivalent geometric mean titers of rotavirus-specific serum antibody and intestinal immunoglobulin G (IgG). Mice inoculated with 2/6-VLPs with LT produced significantly higher titers of intestinal IgA than mice given CT as the adjuvant. All mice inoculated with 2/6-VLPs mixed with LT and LT-R192G were totally protected (100%) from rotavirus challenge, while mice inoculated with 2/6-VLPs mixed with CT showed a mean 91% protection from challenge. The availability of a safe, effective mucosal adjuvant such as LT-R192G will increase the practicality of administering recombinant vaccines mucosally.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Rm. 936E, Division of Molecular Virology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030. Phone: (713) 798-3590. Fax: (713) 798-3586. E-mail: mconner{at}bcm.tmc.edu.




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