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Journal of Virology, November 1998, p. 9054-9060, Vol. 72, No. 11
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

Costimulation of Naive CD8+ Lymphocytes Induces CD4 Expression and Allows Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Infection

Scott G. Kitchen,1 Yael D. Korin,2 Michael D. Roth,3 Alan Landay,4 and Jerome A. Zack1,5,*

Division of Hematology-Oncology1 and Division of Pulmonary & Critical Care,3 Department of Medicine, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine,2 and Department of Microbiology & Molecular Genetics,5 UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90095, and Department of Immunology & Microbiology, Rush Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 606124

Received 15 May 1998/Accepted 17 July 1998

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection requires cell surface expression of CD4. Costimulation of CD8+/CD4- T lymphocytes by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies or by allogeneic dendritic cells induced expression of CD4 and rendered these CD8 cells susceptible to HIV-1 infection. Naive CD45RA+ cells responded with greater expression of CD4 than did CD45RO+ cells. CD8+ lymphocytes derived from fetal or newborn sources exhibited a greater tendency to express CD4, consistent with their naive states. This mechanism of infection suggests HIV-induced perturbation of the CD8 arm of the immune response and could explain the generally rapid disease progression seen in HIV-infected children.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine Center for the Health Sciences, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1678. Phone: (310) 794-7765. Fax: (310) 825-6192. E-mail: jzack{at}ucla.edu.

Journal of Virology, November 1998, p. 9054-9060, Vol. 72, No. 11
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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