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Journal of Virology, October 1998, p. 8309-8315, Vol. 72, No. 10
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.

A Cluster of Latently Expressed Genes in Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus

Dirk Dittmer,1 Michael Lagunoff,1 Rolf Renne,1,2 Katherine Staskus,3 Ashley Haase,3 and Don Ganem1,2,*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0414,1 and Howard Hughes Medical Institute2 and Department of Microbiology,3 University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455

Received 26 March 1998/Accepted 1 July 1998

Infection with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is closely associated with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) and primary effusion lymphoma, with viral genomes present in a latent state in the majority of tumor cells. Here we describe a cluster of latently expressed viral genes whose mRNAs are generated from a common promoter. Two mRNAs in this region encode the latency-associated nuclear antigen, the product of open reading frame 73 (ORF73). The larger RNA, of 5.8 kb, is an unspliced transcript that includes ORF72 and -71 at its 3' end; it initiates at nucleotides (nt) 127880 to 127886 from a promoter lacking recognizable TATA elements. A less abundant mRNA, of 5.4 kb, is a variant of this transcript, in which 336 nt of 5' noncoding information has been removed by RNA splicing. A third, more abundant RNA is generated from the same promoter region via splicing from the common splice donor at nt 127813 to an acceptor 5' to ORF72; this transcript is the presumed mRNA for ORF72, which encodes the viral cyclin D homolog. All three RNAs are 3' coterminal. In situ hybridization analysis with probes that can detect all three transcripts shows that the RNAs are detectable in a large fraction of BCBL-1 cells prior to lytic induction and in >70% of KS spindle cells in primary KS tumors. This confirms that these transcripts are indeed latent RNAs and suggests a role for their products in viral persistence and/or KSHV-associated proliferation.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California San Francisco, 513 Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143-0414. Phone: (415) 476-2826. Fax: (415) 476-0939. E-mail: ganem{at}socrates.ucsf.edu.

Journal of Virology, October 1998, p. 8309-8315, Vol. 72, No. 10
0022-538X/98/$04.00+0
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology. All rights reserved.


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