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J. Virol., 09 1997, 7080-7082, Vol 71, No. 9
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology

The relationship between tumor necrosis factor and human immunodeficiency virus gene expression in lymphoid tissue

Q Li, K Gebhard, T Schacker, K Henry and AT Haase
Department of Microbiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.

In tissue culture models of chronic human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF- alpha) activate viral gene expression. We sought evidence that TNF- alpha might similarly regulate viral gene expression in vivo in the major lymphoid tissue (LT) reservoir. We used in situ hybridization, quantitative image analysis, and double-label techniques to compare cytokine and HIV-1 RNA levels in sections of tonsil and lymph node tissues obtained from individuals in early and later stages of HIV-1 infection. The levels of TNF-alpha gene expression in LT from HIV-1- infected an uninfected individuals were indistinguishable, and we found no correlation between TNF-alpha gene expression in LT and the level of HIV-1 gene expression in LT. There is thus little evidence that in vivo TNF-alpha significantly influences HIV production in LT.


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