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J. Virol., Mar 1997, 1922-1930, Vol 71, No. 3
R Cantin, JF Fortin, G Lamontagne and M Tremblay
Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) incorporates several host cell
components when budding out of the infected cell. One of the most abundant
host-derived molecules acquired by HIV-1 is the HLA-DR determinant of the
major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) molecules. The fact that
CD4 is the natural ligand of MHC-II prompted us to determine if such
virally embedded cellular components can affect the biology of the virus.
Herein, we report for the first time that the incorporation of cellular
HLA-DR1 within HIV-1 enhances its infectivity. This observation was made
possible with virions bearing or not bearing on their surfaces host-derived
HLA-DR1 glycoproteins. Such virus stocks were prepared by a
transient-expression system based on transfection of 293T cells with a
recombinant luciferase-encoding HIV-1 molecular clone along with plasmids
encoding the alpha and beta chains of HLA-DR1. Cell-free virions recovered
from transfected cells were shown to have efficiently incorporated
host-derived HLA-DR1 glycoproteins. Infectivity was increased by a factor
of 1.6 to 2.3 for virions bearing on their surfaces host-derived HLA-DR1.
The observed enhancement of HIV-1 infectivity was independent of the virus
stocks used and was seen in several T-lymphoid cell lines, in a
premonocytoid cell line, and in primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
Finally, we determined that the presence of virion-bound cellular HLA-DR1
is associated with faster kinetics of virus infection. Taken together,
these results suggest that HLA-DR-1-bearing HIV-1 particles had a greater
infectivity per picogram of viral p24 protein than HLA-DR1-free virions.
Copyright © 1997, American Society for Microbiology
The presence of host-derived HLA-DR1 on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 increases viral infectivity
Departement de Microbiologie, Faculte de Medecine, Universite Laval, Quebec, Canada.
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