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Journal of Virology, April 2009, p. 3591-3603, Vol. 83, No. 8
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02269-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Adenoviral E1B 55-Kilodalton Protein Controls Expression of Immune Response Genes but Not p53-Dependent Transcription{triangledown}

Daniel L. Miller ,{dagger},{ddagger} Brenden Rickards,{dagger},§ Michael Mashiba, Wenying Huang, and S. J. Flint*

Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544-1014

Received 29 October 2008/ Accepted 30 January 2009

The human adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) E1B 55-kDa protein modulates several cellular processes, including activation of the tumor suppressor p53. Binding of the E1B protein to the activation domain of p53 inhibits p53-dependent transcription. This activity has been correlated with the transforming activity of the E1B protein, but its contribution to viral replication is not well understood. To address this issue, we used microarray hybridization methods to examine cellular gene expression in normal human fibroblasts (HFFs) infected by Ad5, the E1B 55-kDa-protein-null mutant Hr6, or a mutant carrying substitutions that impair repression of p53-dependent transcription. Comparison of the changes in cellular gene expression observed in these and our previous experiments (D. L. Miller et al., Genome Biol. 8:R58, 2007) by significance analysis of microarrays indicated excellent reproducibility. Furthermore, we again observed that Ad5 infection led to efficient reversal of the p53-dependent transcriptional program. As this same response was also induced in cells infected by the two mutants, we conclude that the E1B 55-kDa protein is not necessary to block activation of p53 in Ad5-infected cells. However, groups of cellular genes that were altered in expression specifically in the absence of the E1B protein were identified by consensus k-means clustering of the hybridization data. Statistical analysis of the enrichment of genes associated with specific functions in these clusters established that the E1B 55-kDa protein is necessary for repression of genes encoding proteins that mediate antiviral and immune defenses.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Princeton University, Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton, NJ 08544-1014. Phone: (609) 258-6113. Fax: (609) 258-4575. E-mail: sjflint{at}princeton.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 11 February 2009.

{dagger} These authors contributed equally to this work.

{ddagger} Present address: Genetics Department, University of Wisconsin—Madison, 425G Henry Hall, Madison, WI 53706.

§ Present address: Gloucester County College, Sewell, NJ 08080.

Present address: Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Michigan, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.

Journal of Virology, April 2009, p. 3591-3603, Vol. 83, No. 8
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02269-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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