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Journal of Virology, April 2009, p. 3384-3388, Vol. 83, No. 7
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02513-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Nucleotide Sequence Requirements at the 5' End of the Influenza A Virus M RNA Segment for Efficient Virus Replication {triangledown}

Makoto Ozawa,1,2 Junko Maeda,3 Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto,1 Shinji Watanabe,2 Hideo Goto,1 Taisuke Horimoto,1 and Yoshihiro Kawaoka1,2,4,5*

Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology,1 International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan,5 ERATO Infection-Induced Host Responses Project, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama 332-0012, Japan,4 Laboratory of Prion Diseases, Department of Prion Diseases, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-818, Japan,3 Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 537062

Received 6 December 2008/ Accepted 12 January 2009

The mechanism by which the influenza A virus genome is packaged into virions is not fully understood. The coding and noncoding regions necessary for packaging of the viral RNA segments, except for the M segment, have been identified. Here, we delineate the M segment regions by incorporating a reporter viral RNA into virions and by generating viruses possessing mutations in the regions. We found that, like the other segments, the M segment coding regions are essential for virion incorporation and that the nucleotide length rather than the nucleotide sequence of the 5' end of the coding region is important.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. Phone: 81-03-5449-5310. Fax: 81-03-5449-5408. E-mail: kawaoka{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 21 January 2009.

Journal of Virology, April 2009, p. 3384-3388, Vol. 83, No. 7
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02513-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Gao, Q., Palese, P. (2009). Rewiring the RNAs of influenza virus to prevent reassortment. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 106: 15891-15896 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Fujii, K., Ozawa, M., Iwatsuki-Horimoto, K., Horimoto, T., Kawaoka, Y. (2009). Incorporation of influenza A virus genome segments does not absolutely require wild-type sequences. J. Gen. Virol. 90: 1734-1740 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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