Journal of Virology, February 2009, p. 1538-1543, Vol. 83, No. 3
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0 doi:10.1128/JVI.01551-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Paola Massimi, and
Lawrence Banks*
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Padriciano 99, I-34012 Trieste, Italy
Received 23 July 2008/ Accepted 4 November 2008
The regulation of human papillomavirus (HPV) gene expression by the E2 protein is a critical feature of the viral life cycle. Previous studies have shown an important role in transcription for the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, but its role in HPV gene expression has not been addressed. We now show that HPV E2 requires an active proteasome for its optimal transcriptional activator function. This involves an interaction with the Mdm2 ubiquitin ligase, which together with E2 acts synergistically to activate the HPV type 16 promoter. We also show that HPV E2 recruits Mdm2 onto HPV promoter sequences, providing an explanation for this cooperative activity.
Published ahead of print on 12 November 2008.
Present address: IBR/CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica, Suipacha 531 (2000), Rosario, Argentina.
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