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Journal of Virology, November 2009, p. 12002-12006, Vol. 83, No. 22
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01241-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

A Novel Picornavirus Associated with Gastroenteritis{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Linlin Li,1,2 Joseph Victoria,1,2 Amit Kapoor,1,2 Olga Blinkova,1,2 Chunlin Wang,3 Farbod Babrzadeh,3 Carl J. Mason,4 Prativa Pandey,5 Hinda Triki,6 Olfa Bahri,6 Bamidele Soji Oderinde,7 Marycelin Mandu Baba,7 David Nadeba Bukbuk,7 John M. Besser,8 Joanne M. Bartkus,8 and Eric L. Delwart1,2*

Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco, California,1 Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California,2 Stanford Genome Technology Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California,3 Department of Enteric Diseases, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand,4 CIWEC Clinic Travel Medicine Center, Katmandu, Nepal,5 Laboratory of Clinical Virology, WHO Regional Reference Laboratory on Poliomyelitis, Institut Pasteur, Tunis, Tunisia,6 WHO National Polio Laboratory, University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Borno State, Nigeria,7 Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Public Health Laboratory Division, Minnesota Dept. of Health, St. Paul, Minnesota8

Received 15 June 2009/ Accepted 6 September 2009

A novel picornavirus genome was sequenced, showing 42.6%, 35.2%, and 44.6% of deduced amino acid identities corresponding to the P1, P2, and P3 regions, respectively, of the Aichi virus. Divergent strains of this new virus, which we named salivirus, were detected in 18 stool samples from Nigeria, Tunisia, Nepal, and the United States. A statistical association was seen between virus shedding and unexplained cases of gastroenteritis in Nepal (P = 0.0056). Viruses with approximately 90% nucleotide similarity, named klassevirus, were also recently reported in three cases of unexplained diarrhea from the United States and Australia and in sewage from Spain, reflecting a global distribution and supporting a pathogenic role for this new group of picornaviruses.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Blood Systems Research Institute, 270 Masonic Ave., San Francisco, CA 94118. Phone: (415) 923-5763. Fax: (415) 567-5899. E-mail: delwarte{at}medicine.ucsf.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 16 September 2009.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jvi.asm.org/.

Journal of Virology, November 2009, p. 12002-12006, Vol. 83, No. 22
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01241-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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