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Journal of Virology, November 2009, p. 11391-11396, Vol. 83, No. 21
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01385-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Genetic Heterogeneity and Recombination in Canine Noroviruses{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Vito Martella,1* Nicola Decaro,1 Eleonora Lorusso,1 Arianna Radogna,1 Paschalina Moschidou,1 Francesca Amorisco,1 Maria Stella Lucente,1 Costantina Desario,1 Viviana Mari,1 Gabriella Elia,1 Krisztian Banyai,2 Leland Eugene Carmichael,3 and Canio Buonavoglia1

Department of Veterinary Public Health, University of Bari, Valenzano, Bari, Italy,1 Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary,2 James A. Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 148533

Received 6 July 2009/ Accepted 12 August 2009

Alphatronlike (genogroup IV [GIV]) noroviruses (NoVs) have been recently identified in carnivores. By screening a collection of 183 fecal samples collected during 2007 from dogs with enteric signs, the overall NoV prevalence was found to be 2.2% (4/183). A unique strain, Bari/91/07/ITA, resembled GIV.2 NoVs in its ORF1 (polymerase complex), while it was genetically unrelated in its full-length ORF2 (capsid gene) to GIV animal and human NoVs (54.0 to 54.4% amino acid identity) and to any other NoV genogroup (<54.7% amino acid identity). It displayed the highest identity (58.1% amino acid identity) to unclassified human strain Chiba/040502/04/Jp. Interestingly, the very 5' end of ORF2 of the canine virus matched short noroviral sequences (88.9% nucleotide identity and 98.9% amino acid identity) identified from oysters in Japan, indicating that similar viruses may be common environmental contaminants.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Zootecnia, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria di Bari, S.p. per Casamassima Km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy. Phone: 39 080 4679805. Fax: 39 080 4679843. E-mail: v.martella{at}veterinaria.uniba.it

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 26 August 2009.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jvi/asm.org/.

Journal of Virology, November 2009, p. 11391-11396, Vol. 83, No. 21
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01385-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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