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Journal of Virology, October 2009, p. 10515-10526, Vol. 83, No. 20
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00731-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Tissue-Spanning Redox Gradient-Dependent Assembly of Native Human Papillomavirus Type 16 Virions{triangledown}

Michael J. Conway,1 Samina Alam,1 Eric J. Ryndock,1 Linda Cruz,1 Neil D. Christensen,2 Richard B. S. Roden,3 and Craig Meyers1*

Departments of Microbiology and Immunology,1 Pathology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, 500 University Dr., Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033,2 Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University, 733 N. Broadway, Baltimore, Maryland 212053

Received 8 April 2009/ Accepted 22 July 2009

Papillomavirus capsids are composed of 72 pentamers reinforced through inter- and intrapentameric disulfide bonds. Recent research suggests that virus-like particles and pseudovirions (PsV) can undergo a redox-dependent conformational change involving disulfide interactions. We present here evidence that native virions exploit a tissue-spanning redox gradient that facilitates assembly events in the context of the complete papillomavirus life cycle. DNA encapsidation and infectivity titers are redox dependent in that they can be temporally modulated via treatment of organotypic cultures with oxidized glutathione. These data provide evidence that papillomavirus assembly and maturation is redox-dependent, utilizing multiple steps within both suprabasal and cornified layers.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA 17033. Phone: (717) 531-6240. Fax: (717) 531-4600. E-mail: cmm10{at}psu.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 5 August 2009.

Journal of Virology, October 2009, p. 10515-10526, Vol. 83, No. 20
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00731-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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