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Journal of Virology, October 2009, p. 9813-9823, Vol. 83, No. 19
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00550-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Prime-Boost Vaccination with Recombinant Mumps Virus and Recombinant Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Vectors Elicits an Enhanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Gag-Specific Cellular Immune Response in Rhesus Macaques{triangledown}

R. Xu,§,{ddagger} F. Nasar,§,¶ S. Megati, A. Luckay, M. Lee, S. A. Udem,{dagger} J. H. Eldridge,{ddagger} M. A. Egan,{ddagger} E. Emini, and D. K. Clarke*

Wyeth Vaccines Discovery Research, 401 North Middletown Road, Pearl River, New York 10965

Received 17 March 2009/ Accepted 15 July 2009

Intramuscular inoculation of rhesus macaques with one or more doses of recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV) expressing human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Gag (rVSVgag) typically elicits peak cellular immune responses of 500 to 1,000 gamma interferon (IFN-{gamma}) enzyme-linked immunospots (ELISPOTS)/106 peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). Here, we describe the generation of a novel recombinant mumps virus (rMuV) expressing HIV-1 Gag (rMuVgag) and measure the Gag-specific cellular immune responses detected in rhesus macaques following vaccination with a highly attenuated form of rVSV expressing HIV-1 Gag (rVSVN4CT1gag1) and rMuVgag in various prime-boost combinations. Notably, peak Gag-specific cellular immune responses of 3,000 to 3,500 ELISPOTS/106 PBL were detected in macaques that were primed with rMuVgag and boosted with rVSVN4CT1gag1. Lower peak cellular immune responses were detected in macaques that were primed with rVSVN4CT1gag1 and boosted with rMuVgag, although longer-term gag-specific responses appeared to remain higher in this group of macaques. These findings indicate that rMuVgag may significantly enhance Gag-specific cellular immune responses when administered with rVSVN4CT1gag1 in heterologous prime-boost regimens.

* Corresponding author. Present address: Profectus Biosciences, 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591. Phone: (443) 743-1131. Fax: (443) 451-8287. E-mail: dclarke{at}profectusbiosciences.com

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 22 July 2009.

§ R.X. and F.N. contributed equally to this work.

{ddagger} Present address: Profectus Biosciences, 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591.

Present address: Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555.

{dagger} Present address: 155 West 70th Street, New York, NY 10023.

Journal of Virology, October 2009, p. 9813-9823, Vol. 83, No. 19
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00550-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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