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Journal of Virology, August 2009, p. 8293-8296, Vol. 83, No. 16
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00051-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Prions Are Secreted in Milk from Clinically Normal Scrapie-Exposed Sheep{triangledown}

B. C. Maddison,1 C. A. Baker,1 H. C. Rees,2 L. A. Terry,3 L. Thorne,3 S. J. Bellworthy,3 G. C. Whitelam,2 and K. C. Gough4*

ADAS UK, Department of Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom,1 Department of Biology, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom,2 Veterinary Laboratories Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone, Surrey KT15 3NB, United Kingdom,3 School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, College Road, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, United Kingdom4

Received 9 January 2009/ Accepted 27 May 2009

The potential spread of prion infectivity in secreta is a crucial concern for prion disease transmission. Here, serial protein misfolding cyclic amplification (sPMCA) allowed the detection of prions in milk from clinically affected animals as well as scrapie-exposed sheep at least 20 months before clinical onset of disease, irrespective of the immunohistochemical detection of protease-resistant PrPSc within lymphoreticular and central nervous system tissues. These data indicate the secretion of prions within milk during the early stages of disease progression and a role for milk in prion transmission. Furthermore, the application of sPMCA to milk samples offers a noninvasive methodology to detect scrapie during preclinical/subclinical disease.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: School of Veterinary Medicine and Science, The University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, College Road, Sutton Bonington, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-115-9516272. Fax: 44-115-9516440. E-mail: kevin.gough{at}nottingham.ac.uk

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 3 June 2009.

Journal of Virology, August 2009, p. 8293-8296, Vol. 83, No. 16
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00051-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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