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Journal of Virology, July 2009, p. 7357-7360, Vol. 83, No. 14
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00623-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Murine Norovirus Infection Has No Significant Effect on Adaptive Immunity to Vaccinia Virus or Influenza A Virus {triangledown}

Scott E. Hensley,1 Amelia K. Pinto,2 Heather D. Hickman,1 Robin J. Kastenmayer,3 Jack R. Bennink,1 Herbert W. Virgin,2 and Jonathan W. Yewdell1*

Laboratory of Viral Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892,1 Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110,2 Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 208923

Received 25 March 2009/ Accepted 23 April 2009

Murine norovirus (MNV) is endemic in many research mouse colonies. Although MNV infections are typically asymptomatic in immunocompetent mice, the effects of MNV infection on subsequent experimental viral infections are poorly documented. Here, we infected C57BL/6 mice with MNV and then with either vaccinia virus or influenza A virus. MNV infection had no effect on CD8+ T-cell or antibody responses to secondary viruses or to secondary virus-induced morbidity or mortality. While our findings suggest that MNV has little influence on host immunity in immunocompetent mice, we would urge caution regarding the potential effects of MNV on immune responses to viruses and other pathogens, which must be determined on a system-by-system basis.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Building 33, Room 2E13, 33 North Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892. Phone: (301) 402-4602. Fax: (301) 402-4802. E-mail: jyewdell{at}mail.nih.gov

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 29 April 2009.

Journal of Virology, July 2009, p. 7357-7360, Vol. 83, No. 14
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00623-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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