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Journal of Virology, June 2009, p. 5401-5407, Vol. 83, No. 11
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00133-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Broad Tissue and Cell Tropism of Avian Bornavirus in Parrots with Proventricular Dilatation Disease{triangledown} ,{dagger}

Monika Rinder,1 Andreas Ackermann,2 Hermann Kempf,1 Bernd Kaspers,3 Rüdiger Korbel,1 and Peter Staeheli2*

Clinic for Birds, University of Munich, Oberschleissheim, Germany,1 Department of Virology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,2 Institute for Animal Physiology, University of Munich, Munich, Germany3

Received 20 January 2009/ Accepted 9 March 2009

Avian bornaviruses (ABV), representing a new genus within the family Bornaviridae, were recently discovered in parrots from North America and Israel with proventricular dilatation disease (PDD). We show here that closely related viruses are also present in captive European parrots of various species with PDD. The six ABV strains that we identified in clinically diseased birds are new members of the previously defined ABV genotypes 2 and 4. Viruses of both genotypes readily established persistent, noncytolytic infections in quail and chicken cell lines but did not grow in cultured mammalian cells in which classical Borna disease virus strains replicate very efficiently. ABV antigens were present in both the cytoplasm and nucleus of infected cells, suggesting nuclear replication of ABV. The genome organization of avian and mammalian bornaviruses is highly conserved except that ABV lacks a distinct control element in the 5' noncoding region of the bicistronic mRNA encoding the viral proteins X and P. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis demonstrated the presence of virus in many, if not all, organs of birds with PDD. Viral nucleic acid was also found in feces of diseased birds, suggesting virus transmission by the fecal-oronasal route. Immunohistochemical analysis of organs from birds with PDD revealed that infection with ABV is not restricted to cells of the nervous system. Thus, ABV exhibits a broad tissue and cell tropism that is strikingly different from classical Borna disease virus.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Virology, University of Freiburg Hermann-Herder-Strasse 11, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. Phone: 49 761 203 6579. Fax: 49 761 203 5350. E-mail: peter.staeheli{at}uniklinik-freiburg.de

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 18 March 2009.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jvi.asm.org/.

Journal of Virology, June 2009, p. 5401-5407, Vol. 83, No. 11
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00133-09
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Weissenbock, H., Sekulin, K., Bakonyi, T., Hogler, S., Nowotny, N. (2009). Novel Avian Bornavirus in a Nonpsittacine Species (Canary; Serinus canaria) with Enteric Ganglioneuritis and Encephalitis. J. Virol. 83: 11367-11371 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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