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Journal of Virology, May 2009, p. 4963-4977, Vol. 83, No. 10
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02593-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Analysis of the Functions of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Regulatory Protein ICP0 That Are Critical for Lytic Infection and Derepression of Quiescent Viral Genomes{triangledown}

Roger D. Everett,* Marie-Laure Parsy, and Anne Orr

MRC Virology Unit, Institute of Virology, Church Street, Glasgow G11 5JR, Scotland, United Kingdom

Received 16 December 2008/ Accepted 23 February 2009

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) immediate-early regulatory protein ICP0 is important for stimulating the initiation of the lytic cycle and efficient reactivation of latent or quiescent infection. Extensive investigation has suggested several potential functions for ICP0, including interference in the interferon response, disruption of functions connected with PML nuclear bodies (ND10), and inhibition of cellular histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity through an interaction with the HDAC-1 binding partner CoREST. Analysis of the significance of these potential functions and whether they are direct or indirect effects of ICP0 is complicated because HSV-1 mutants expressing mutant forms of ICP0 infect cells with widely differing efficiencies. On the other hand, transfection approaches for ICP0 expression do not allow studies of whole cell populations because of their limited efficiency. To overcome these problems, we have established a cell line in which ICP0 expression can be induced at levels pertaining during the early stages of HSV-1 infection in virtually all cells in the culture. Such cells enable 100% complementation of ICP0-null mutant HSV-1. Using cells expressing the wild type and a variety of mutant forms of ICP0, we have used this system to analyze the role of defined domains of the protein in stimulating lytic infection and derepression from quiescence. Activity in these core functions correlated well the ability of ICP0 to disrupt ND10 and inhibit the recruitment of ND10 proteins to sites closely associated with viral genomes at the onset of infection, whereas the CoREST binding region was neither sufficient nor necessary for ICP0 function in lytic and reactivating infections.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: MRC Virology Unit, Institute of Virology, Church Street, Glasgow G11 5JR, Scotland, United Kingdom. Phone: 44 141 3398855. Fax: 44 141 3372236. E-mail: r.everett{at}mrcvu.gla.ac.uk

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 4 March 2009.

Journal of Virology, May 2009, p. 4963-4977, Vol. 83, No. 10
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02593-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Everett, R. D., Orr, A. (2009). Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Regulatory Protein ICP0 Aids Infection in Cells with a Preinduced Interferon Response but Does Not Impede Interferon-Induced Gene Induction. J. Virol. 83: 4978-4983 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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