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Journal of Virology, January 2009, p. 347-356, Vol. 83, No. 1
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00707-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

A Novel C-Type Lectin from the Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei Possesses Anti-White Spot Syndrome Virus Activity

Zhi-Ying Zhao,^1, Zhi-Xin Yin,¹ Xiao-Peng Xu,¹ Shao-Ping Weng,¹ Xia-Yu Rao,¹ Zong-Xian Dai,¹ Yong-Wen Luo,¹ Gan Yang,¹ Zong-Sheng Li,¹ Hao-Ji Guan,¹ Se-Dong Li,³ Siu-Ming Chan,⁴ Xiao-Qiang Yu,^2* and Jian-Guo He^1*

State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, 135 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China,¹ Division of Cell Biology and Biophysics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri—Kansas City, Kansas City, Missouri 64110,² Fisheries Research Institute of Zhanjiang, Zhanjiang 524039, Guangdong, China,³ Department of Zoology, the University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China⁴

Received 29 March 2008/ Accepted 6 October 2008

C-type lectins play key roles in pathogen recognition, innate immunity, and cell-cell interactions. Here, we report a new C-type lectin (C-type lectin 1) from the shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (LvCTL1), which has activity against the white spot syndrome virus (WSSV). LvCTL1 is a 156-residue polypeptide containing a C-type carbohydrate recognition domain with an EPN (Glu⁹⁹-Pro¹⁰⁰-Asn¹⁰¹) motif that has a predicted ligand binding specificity for mannose. Reverse transcription-PCR analysis revealed that LvCTL1 mRNA was specifically expressed in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei. Recombinant LvCTL1 (rLvCTL1) had hemagglutinating activity and ligand binding specificity for mannose and glucose. rLvCTL1 also had a strong affinity for WSSV and interacted with several envelope proteins of WSSV. Furthermore, we showed that the binding of rLvCTL1 to WSSV could protect shrimps from viral infection and prolong the survival of shrimps against WSSV infection. Our results suggest that LvCTL1 is a mannose-binding C-type lectin that binds to envelope proteins of WSSV to exert its antiviral activity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a shrimp C-type lectin that has direct anti-WSSV activity.

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* Corresponding author. Mailing address for Jian-Guo He: State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen (Zhongshan) University, Guangzhou 510275, People's Republic of China. Phone: 86 20 8411 0976. Fax: 86 20 8411 3819. E-mail: lsshjg{at}mail.sysu.edu.cn. Mailing address for Xiao-Qiang Yu: Division of Cell Biology and Biophysics, School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri—Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110. Phone: (816) 235-6379. Fax: (816) 235-1503. E-mail: Yux{at}umkc.edu

Published ahead of print on 22 October 2008.

Present address: Hainan Provincial Fisheries Research Institute, Haikou 570206, Hainan, China.

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Journal of Virology, January 2009, p. 347-356, Vol. 83, No. 1
0022-538X/09/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00707-08
Copyright © 2009, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

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