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Journal of Virology, March 2008, p. 2821-2835, Vol. 82, No. 6
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01821-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Egress of Light Particles among Filopodia on the Surface of Varicella-Zoster Virus-Infected Cells{triangledown}

John E. Carpenter, Jennifer A. Hutchinson, Wallen Jackson, and Charles Grose*

Department of Pediatrics and Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242

Received 20 August 2007/ Accepted 27 December 2007

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is renowned for its very low titer when grown in cultured cells. There remains no single explanation for the low infectivity. In this study, viral particles on the surfaces of infected cells were examined by several imaging technologies. Few surface particles were detected at 48 h postinfection (hpi), but numerous particles were observed at 72 and 96 hpi. At 72 hpi, 75% of the particles resembled light (L) particles, i.e., envelopes without capsids. By 96 hpi, 85% of all particles resembled L particles. Subsequently, the envelopes of complete virions and L particles were investigated to determine their glycoprotein constituents. Glycoproteins gE, gI, and gB were detected in the envelopes of both types of particles in similar numbers; i.e., there appeared to be no difference in the glycoprotein content of the L particles. The viral particles emerged onto the cell surface amid actin-based filopodia, which were present in abundance within viral highways. Viral particles were easily detected at the base of and along the exterior surfaces of the filopodia. VZV particles were not detected within filopodia. In short, these results demonstrate that VZV infection of cultured cells produces a larger proportion of aberrant coreless particles than has been seen with any other previously examined alphaherpesvirus. Further, these results suggested a major disassociation between capsid formation and envelopment as an explanation for the invariably low VZV titer in cultured cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: University of Iowa Hospital/ 2501 JCP, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242. Phone: (319) 356-2270. Fax: (319) 356-4855. E-mail: charles-grose{at}uiowa.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 9 January 2008.

Journal of Virology, March 2008, p. 2821-2835, Vol. 82, No. 6
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01821-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

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