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Journal of Virology, March 2008, p. 2765-2771, Vol. 82, No. 6
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02064-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Spike Protein of Infectious Bronchitis Virus Is Retained Intracellularly by a Tyrosine Motif{triangledown}

Christine Winter,1,2* Christel Schwegmann-Wessels,1 Ulrich Neumann,2 and Georg Herrler1

Institute of Virology,1 Clinic for Poultry, University of Veterinary Medicine, Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany2

Received 18 September 2007/ Accepted 14 December 2007

We have analyzed the intracellular transport of the spike (S) protein of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), an avian coronavirus. Surface expression was analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy, by surface biotinylation, and by syncytium formation by S-expressing cells. By applying these methods, the S protein was found to be retained intracellularly. Tyr1143 in the cytoplasmic tail was shown to be a crucial component of the retention signal. Deletion of a dilysine motif that has previously been suggested to function as a retrieval signal did not abolish intracellular retention. Treatment of the S proteins with endoglycosidases did not reveal any differences between the parental and the mutant proteins. Furthermore, all S proteins analyzed were posttranslationally cleaved into the subunits S1 and S2. In coexpression experiments, the S protein was found to colocalize with a Golgi marker. Taken together, these results indicate that the S protein of IBV is retained at a late Golgi compartment. Therefore, this viral surface protein differs from the S proteins of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, which are retained at a pre-Golgi compartment or transported to the cell surface, respectively. The implications of these differences are discussed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institut für Virologie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17, 30559 Hannover, Germany. Phone: 49 (0) 511-953-8848. Fax: 49 (0) 511-953-8898. E-mail: Christine.Winter{at}tiho-hannover.de

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 19 December 2007.

Journal of Virology, March 2008, p. 2765-2771, Vol. 82, No. 6
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02064-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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