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Journal of Virology, December 2008, p. 12591-12597, Vol. 82, No. 24
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01167-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Lack of Heparan Sulfate Expression in B-Cell Lines: Implications for Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus and Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Infections{triangledown}

Nadine Jarousse,1* Bala Chandran,2 and Laurent Coscoy1

Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, 142 Life Sciences Addition, Berkeley, California 94720,1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Road, North Chicago, Illinois 600642

Received 4 June 2008/ Accepted 25 September 2008

Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) and its murine homolog, murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV68), are lymphotropic viruses that establish latent infection in their host. Surprisingly, while B cells are the main viral reservoir in vivo, B-cell lines are poorly permissive to infection by either MHV68 or KSHV. Here, we report that most B-cell lines express very little to no cell surface heparan sulfate (HS), a glycosaminoglycan that is essential for infection by these viruses. We found that Ext1, a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of HS, was expressed at a low level in these cells. Transfection of B-cell lines with Ext1 restored high HS expression at the cell surface. Overexpression of Ext1 in murine A20 and M12 B-cell lines increased MHV68 surface binding and enhanced the efficiency of infection. Finally, although it was not sufficient to allow efficient infection, the expression of HS on BJAB cells promoted KSHV binding at the cell surface. Thus, our results indicate that MHV68 and KSHV cycles are blocked in B-cell lines at the binding step due to a lack of surface HS.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, 142 Life Sciences Addition, Berkeley, CA 94720. Phone: (510) 643-4138. Fax: (510) 643-4128. E-mail: jarousse{at}berkeley.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 8 October 2008.

Journal of Virology, December 2008, p. 12591-12597, Vol. 82, No. 24
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01167-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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