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Journal of Virology, September 2008, p. 8605-8618, Vol. 82, No. 17
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00904-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Comprehensive Characterization of Extracellular Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Virions{triangledown}

Sandra Loret, Ginette Guay, and Roger Lippé*

Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7

Received 30 April 2008/ Accepted 23 June 2008

The herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) genome is contained in a capsid wrapped by a complex tegument layer and an external envelope. The poorly defined tegument plays a critical role throughout the viral life cycle, including delivery of capsids to the nucleus, viral gene expression, capsid egress, and acquisition of the viral envelope. Current data suggest tegumentation is a dynamic and sequential process that starts in the nucleus and continues in the cytoplasm. Over two dozen proteins are assumed to be or are known to ultimately be added to virions as tegument, but its precise composition is currently unknown. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of all proteins found in HSV-1 virions is still lacking. To better understand the implication of the tegument and host proteins incorporated into the virions, highly purified mature extracellular viruses were analyzed by mass spectrometry. The method proved accurate (95%) and sensitive and hinted at 8 different viral capsid proteins, 13 viral glycoproteins, and 23 potential viral teguments. Interestingly, four novel virion components were identified (UL7, UL23, UL50, and UL55), and two teguments were confirmed (ICP0 and ICP4). In contrast, UL4, UL24, the UL31/UL34 complex, and the viral UL15/UL28/UL33 terminase were undetected, as was most of the viral replication machinery, with the notable exception of UL23. Surprisingly, the viral glycoproteins gJ, gK, gN, and UL43 were absent. Analyses of virions produced by two unrelated cell lines suggest their protein compositions are largely cell type independent. Finally, but not least, up to 49 distinct host proteins were identified in the virions.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal, P.O. Box 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7. Phone: (514) 343-5616. Fax: (514) 343-5755. E-mail: roger.lippe{at}umontreal.ca

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 2 July 2008.

Journal of Virology, September 2008, p. 8605-8618, Vol. 82, No. 17
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00904-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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