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Journal of Virology, July 2008, p. 6299-6309, Vol. 82, No. 13
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00386-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Glycoproteins Required for Entry Are Not Necessary for Egress of Pseudorabies Virus{triangledown}

Barbara Klupp,1 Jan Altenschmidt,1 Harald Granzow,2 Walter Fuchs,1 and Thomas C. Mettenleiter1*

Institutes of Molecular Biology,1 Infectology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany2

Received 22 February 2008/ Accepted 9 April 2008

In the current perception of the herpesvirus replication cycle, two fusion processes are thought to occur during entry and nuclear egress. For penetration, glycoproteins gB and gH/gL have been shown to be essential, whereas a possible role of these glycoproteins in nuclear egress remains unclear. Viral envelope glycoproteins have been detected by immunolabeling in the nuclear membrane as well as in primary enveloped particles in several herpesviruses, indicating that they might be involved in the fusion process. Moreover, a herpes simplex virus type 1 mutant simultaneously lacking gB and gH was described to be deficient in nuclear egress (A. Farnsworth, T. W. Wisner, M. Webb, R. Roller, G. Cohen, R. Eisenberg, and D. C. Johnson, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 104:10187-10192, 2007). To analyze the situation in the related alphaherpesvirus pseudorabies virus (PrV), mutants carrying single and double deletions of glycoproteins gB, gD, gH, and gL were constructed and characterized. We show here that the simultaneous deletion of gB and gD, gB and gH, gD and gH, or gH and gL has no detectable effect on PrV egress, implying that none of these glycoproteins either singly or in the tested combinations is required for nuclear egress. In addition, immunolabeling studies using different mono- or polyclonal sera raised against various PrV glycoproteins did not reveal the presence of viral glycoproteins in the inner nuclear membrane or in primary virions. Thus, our data strongly suggest that different fusion mechanisms are active during virus entry and egress.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Molecular Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany. Phone: 49-38351-7250. Fax: 49-38351-7151. E-mail: thomas.mettenleiter{at}fli.bund.de

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 16 April 2008.

Journal of Virology, July 2008, p. 6299-6309, Vol. 82, No. 13
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00386-08
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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