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Journal of Virology, June 2008, p. 6039-6044, Vol. 82, No. 12
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02753-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Small Intestine CD4+ T Cells Are Profoundly Depleted during Acute Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection, Regardless of Viral Pathogenicity{triangledown}

Yoshinori Fukazawa,1,{dagger} Ariko Miyake,1,2,{dagger} Kentaro Ibuki,1 Katsuhisa Inaba,1 Naoki Saito,1 Makiko Motohara,1 Reii Horiuchi,1 Ai Himeno,1 Kenta Matsuda,1 Megumi Matsuyama,1 Hidemi Takahashi,3 Masanori Hayami,1 Tatsuhiko Igarashi,1 and Tomoyuki Miura1*

Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoinkawaramachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan,1 Laboratory of Tumor Cell Biology, Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan,2 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan3

Received 27 December 2007/ Accepted 27 March 2008

To analyze the relationship between acute virus-induced injury and the subsequent disease phenotype, we compared the virus replication and CD4+ T-cell profiles for monkeys infected with isogenic highly pathogenic (KS661) and moderately pathogenic (#64) simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SHIVs). Intrarectal infusion of SHIV-KS661 resulted in rapid, systemic, and massive virus replication, while SHIV-#64 replicated more slowly and reached lower titers. Whereas KS661 systemically depleted CD4+ T cells, #64 caused significant CD4+ T-cell depletion only in the small intestine. We conclude that SHIV, regardless of pathogenicity, can cause injury to the small intestine and leads to CD4+ T-cell depletion in infected animals during acute infection.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Primate Model, Experimental Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute for Virus Research, Kyoto University, 53 Shogoinkawaramachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. Phone: 81-75-751-3984. Fax: 81-75-761-9335. E-mail: tmiura{at}virus.kyoto-u.ac.jp

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 9 April 2007.

{dagger} These authors contributed equally to this work.

Journal of Virology, June 2008, p. 6039-6044, Vol. 82, No. 12
0022-538X/08/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02753-07
Copyright © 2008, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.





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