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Journal of Virology, February 2007, p. 1472-1478, Vol. 81, No. 3
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02122-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Matrix Protein Assembles on Membranes as a Hexamer{triangledown}

Ayna Alfadhli, Doug Huseby,{dagger} Eliot Kapit, Dalbinder Colman, and Eric Barklis*

Vollum Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, Oregon

Received 27 September 2006/ Accepted 5 November 2006

The membrane-binding matrix (MA) domain of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) structural precursor Gag (PrGag) protein oligomerizes in solution as a trimer and crystallizes in three dimensions as a trimer unit. A number of models have been proposed to explain how MA trimers might align with respect to PrGag capsid (CA) N-terminal domains (NTDs), which assemble hexagonal lattices. We have examined the binding of naturally myristoylated HIV-1 matrix (MyrMA) and matrix plus capsid (MyrMACA) proteins on membranes in vitro. Unexpectedly, MyrMA and MyrMACA proteins both assembled hexagonal cage lattices on phosphatidylserine-cholesterol membranes. Membrane-bound MyrMA proteins did not organize into trimer units but, rather, organized into hexamer rings. Our results yield a model in which MA domains stack directly above NTD hexamers in immature particles, and they have implications for HIV assembly and interactions between MA and the viral membrane glycoproteins.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Vollum Institute and Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Mail Code L220, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97201-3098. Phone: (503) 494-8098. Fax: (503) 494-6862. E-mail: barklis{at}ohsu.edu.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 15 November 2006.

{dagger} Present address: Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA.

Journal of Virology, February 2007, p. 1472-1478, Vol. 81, No. 3
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02122-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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