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Journal of Virology, December 2007, p. 13248-13253, Vol. 81, No. 23
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01569-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

In Vivo Changes in the Patterns of Chromatin Structure Associated with the Latent Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Genome in Mouse Trigeminal Ganglia Can Be Detected at Early Times after Butyrate Treatment{triangledown}

Donna M. Neumann,1 Partha S. Bhattacharjee,1 Nicole V. Giordani,4 David C. Bloom,4 and James M. Hill1,2,3,5*

Department of Ophthalmology (LSU Eye Center of Excellence),1 Neuroscience Center,2 Department of Microbiology,3 Department of Pharmacology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana,5 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida4

Received 18 July 2007/ Accepted 7 September 2007

During herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency in mouse dorsal root ganglia (DRG), chromatin associated with the latency-associated transcript (LAT) region of the viral genome is hyperacetylated at lysines 9 and 14 of histone 3 [H3(K9, K14)], while lytic genes are hypoacetylated. Explanted DRG exhibit a pattern of deacetylation of the LAT enhancer followed by acetylation of the ICP0 promoter at early times postexplant. Recently, we reported that sodium butyrate induced in vivo reactivation of HSV-1 in latent mice. In this study, we assessed the effect of sodium butyrate on the chromatin patterns of latent and butyrate-treated mouse trigeminal ganglia (TG) via chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP). We detected deacetylation of acetyl H3(K9, K14) of the LAT promoter and LAT enhancer regions as early as 0.5 h post-butyrate treatment, and this deacetylation corresponded to an increase in the acetylation of the lytic promoters ICP0 and ICP4 at 0.5 h and 1 h post-butyrate treatment, respectively. This is the first study to combine in vivo reactivation with the examination of the HSV-1 genome through ChIP assays at early times after the introduction of in vivo reactivation stimuli.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: LSU Eye Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite B, New Orleans, LA 70112. Phone: (504) 568-2274. Fax: (504) 568-2385. E-mail: jhill{at}lsuhsc.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 19 September 2007.

Journal of Virology, December 2007, p. 13248-13253, Vol. 81, No. 23
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01569-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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