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Journal of Virology, November 2007, p. 12307-12315, Vol. 81, No. 22
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01002-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Infection of Cardiomyocytes and Induction of Left Ventricle Dysfunction by Neurovirulent Polytropic Murine Retrovirus{triangledown}

Mohammed Khaleduzzaman,1 Joseph Francis,2 Meryll E. Corbin,1 Elizabeth McIlwain,2 Marc Boudreaux,1 Min Du,1 Tim W. Morgan, and Karin E. Peterson1*

Department of Pathobiological Sciences,1 Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Skip Bertman Dr., Baton Rouge, Louisiana 708032

Received 8 May 2007/ Accepted 3 September 2007

Viral infections of the heart are a causative factor of myocarditis as well as of sudden, unexpected deaths of children, yet the mechanisms of pathogenesis remain unclear, in part due to the relatively few animal models of virus-induced myocarditis. In the current study, we examined the ability of polytropic murine retroviruses to infect the heart and induce cardiac dysfunction. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry analysis detected virus-infected cardiomyocytes and macrophages in the heart. A significant decrease in left ventricle function, as measured by fractional shortening, was detected in mice infected with the neurovirulent retrovirus Fr98 but not in mice infected with the nonneurovirulent retrovirus Fr54. Virus infection was not associated with consistent findings of fibrosis or substantial cellular infiltrate. Fr98-induced left ventricle dysfunction was associated with a higher virus load, increased mRNA expression of the macrophage marker F4/80, increased chemokine production, and a small number of apoptotic cells in the heart.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803. Phone: (225) 578-9681. Fax: (225) 578-9701. E-mail: kpeterson{at}vetmed.lsu.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 12 September 2007.

Journal of Virology, November 2007, p. 12307-12315, Vol. 81, No. 22
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01002-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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