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Journal of Virology, November 2007, p. 12218-12226, Vol. 81, No. 22
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01390-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Analysis of the Interaction of Primate Retroviruses with the Human RNA Interference Machinery{triangledown}

Jennifer Lin and Bryan R. Cullen*

Center for Virology and Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710

Received 26 June 2007/ Accepted 31 August 2007

The question of whether retroviruses, including human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), interact with the cellular RNA interference machinery has been controversial. Here, we present data showing that neither HIV-1 nor human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) expresses significant levels of either small interfering RNAs or microRNAs in persistently infected T cells. We also demonstrate that the retroviral nuclear transcription factors HIV-1 Tat and HTLV-1 Tax, as well as the Tas transactivator encoded by primate foamy virus, fail to inhibit RNA interference in human cells. Moreover, the stable expression of physiological levels of HIV-1 Tat did not globally inhibit microRNA production or expression in infected human cells. Together, these data argue that HIV-1 and HTLV-1 neither induce the production of viral small interfering RNAs or microRNAs nor repress the cellular RNA interference machinery in infected cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Duke University Medical Center, Box 3025, Durham, NC 27710. Phone: (919) 684-3369. Fax: (919) 681-8979. E-mail: culle002{at}mc.duke.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 12 September 2007.

Journal of Virology, November 2007, p. 12218-12226, Vol. 81, No. 22
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01390-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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