This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Other Versions of this Article: JVI.02675-06v1 81/15/7902    most recent Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Reprints and Permissions Copyright Information Books from ASM Press MicrobeWorld Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Ohka, S. Articles by Nomoto, A. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Ohka, S. Articles by Nomoto, A.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, August 2007, p. 7902-7912, Vol. 81, No. 15
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02675-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Establishment of a Poliovirus Oral Infection System in Human Poliovirus Receptor-Expressing Transgenic Mice That Are Deficient in Alpha/Beta Interferon Receptor

Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033,¹ Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama-shi, Tokyo 208-0011,² Department of Microbiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, 2-6 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8526,³ Division of Mucosal Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan⁴

Received 4 December 2006/ Accepted 8 May 2007

Poliovirus (PV) is easily transferred to humans orally; however, no rodent model for oral infections has been developed because of the alimentary tract's low sensitivity to the virus. Here we showed that PV is inactivated by the low pH of the gastric contents in mice. The addition of 3% NaHCO₃ to the viral inoculum increased the titer of virus reaching the small intestine through the stomach after intragastric inoculation of PV. Transgenic mice (Tg) carrying the human PV receptor (hPVR/CD155) gene and lacking the alpha/beta interferon receptor (IFNAR) gene (hPVR-Tg/IfnarKO) were sensitive to the oral administration of PV with 3% NaHCO₃, whereas hPVR-Tg expressing IFNAR were much less sensitive. The virus was detected in the epithelia of the small intestine and proliferated in the alimentary tract of hPVR-Tg/IfnarKO. By the ninth day after the administration of a virulent PV, the mice had died. These results suggest that IFNAR plays an important role in determining permissivity in the alimentary tract as well as the generation of virus-specific immune responses to PV via the oral route. Thus, hPVR-Tg/IfnarKO are considered to be the first oral infection model for PV, although levels of anti-PV antibodies were not elevated dramatically in serum and intestinal secretions of surviving mice when hPVR-Tg/IfnarKO were administered an attenuated PV.

Published ahead of print on 16 May 2007.

This article has been cited by other articles:

• Randall, R. E., Goodbourn, S. (2008). Interferons and viruses: an interplay between induction, signalling, antiviral responses and virus countermeasures. J. Gen. Virol. 89: 1-47 [Abstract] [Full Text]