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Journal of Virology, July 2007, p. 7371-7379, Vol. 81, No. 14
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00513-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

CD163 Expression Confers Susceptibility to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Viruses

Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Animal Health Division, Pfizer Inc., 7000 Portage Road, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49001

Received 12 March 2007/ Accepted 1 May 2007

Direct functional screening of a cDNA expression library derived from primary porcine alveolar macrophages (PAM) revealed that CD163 is capable of conferring a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-permissive phenotype when introduced into nonpermissive cells. Transient-transfection experiments showed that full-length CD163 cDNAs from PAM, human U937 cells (histiocytic lymphoma), African green monkey kidney cells (MARC-145 and Vero), primary mouse peritoneal macrophages, and canine DH82 (histocytosis) cells encode functional virus receptors. In contrast, CD163 splice variants without the C-terminal transmembrane anchor domain do not provide PRRSV receptor function. We established several stable cell lines expressing CD163 cDNAs from pig, human, and monkey, using porcine kidney (PK 032495), feline kidney (NLFK), or baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) as the parental cell lines. These stable cell lines were susceptible to PRRSV infection and yielded high titers of progeny virus. Cell lines were phenotypically stable over 80 cell passages, and PRRSV could be serially passed at least 60 times, yielding in excess of 10⁵ 50% tissue culture infective doses/ml.

Published ahead of print on 9 May 2007.

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