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Journal of Virology, June 2007, p. 6523-6535, Vol. 81, No. 12
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00147-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Epstein-Barr Virus Thymidine Kinase Is a Centrosomal Resident Precisely Localized to the Periphery of Centrioles{triangledown}

Michael B. Gill,1,2,3 Jeffery L. Kutok,3,4 and Joyce D. Fingeroth1,2,3*

Divisions of Infectious Disease,1 Experimental Medicine,2 Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School,3 Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 021154

Received 22 January 2007/ Accepted 27 March 2007

The thymidine kinase (TK) encoded by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) differs not only from that of the alphaherpesviruses but also from that of the gamma-2 herpesvirus subfamily. Because cellular location is frequently a determinant of regulatory function, to gain insight into additional role(s) of EBV TK and to uncover how the lymphocryptovirus and rhadinovirus enzymes differ, the subcellular localizations of EBV TK and the related cercopithecine herpesvirus-15 TK were investigated. We show that in contrast to those of the other family members, the gamma-1 herpesvirus TKs localize to the centrosome and even more precisely to the periphery of the centriole, tightly encircling the tubulin-rich centrioles in a microtubule-independent fashion. Centrosomal localization is observed in diverse cell types and occurs whether the protein is expressed independently or in the context of lytic EBV infection. Surprisingly, analysis of mutants revealed that the unique N-terminal domain was not critical for targeting to the centrosome, but rather, peptide sequences located C terminal to this domain were key. This is the first herpesvirus protein documented to reside in the centrosome, or microtubule-organizing center, an amembranous organelle that regulates the structural biology of the cell cycle through control of chromosome separation and cytokinesis. More recently, proteasome-mediated degradation of cell cycle regulatory proteins, production and loading of antigenic peptides onto HLA molecules, and transient homing of diverse virion proteins required for entry and/or egress have been shown to be coordinated at the centrosome. Potential implications of centrosomal localization for EBV TK function are discussed.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Harvard Institutes of Medicine, 4 Blackfan Circle (Room 353), Boston, MA 02115. Phone: (617) 667-0072. Fax: (617) 975-5243. E-mail: jfingero{at}bidmc.harvard.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 11 April 2007.

Journal of Virology, June 2007, p. 6523-6535, Vol. 81, No. 12
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00147-07
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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