This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by MacNeil, A.
Right arrow Articles by Kanki, P.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by MacNeil, A.
Right arrow Articles by Kanki, P.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, May 2007, p. 5325-5330, Vol. 81, No. 10
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02625-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Direct Evidence of Lower Viral Replication Rates In Vivo in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) Infection than in HIV-1 Infection{triangledown}

Adam MacNeil,1 Abdoulaye Dieng Sarr,1 Jean-Louis Sankalé,1 Seema Thakore Meloni,1 Souleymane Mboup,2 and Phyllis Kanki1*

Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts,1 Laboratoire de Bacteriologie et Virologie, Universite Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal2

Received 28 November 2006/ Accepted 20 February 2007

Studies have shown that human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) is less pathogenic than HIV-1, with a lower rate of disease progression. Similarly, plasma viral loads are lower in HIV-2 infection, suggesting that HIV-2 replication is restricted in vivo in comparison to that of HIV-1. However, to date, in vivo studies characterizing replication intermediates in the viral life cycle of HIV-2 have been limited. In order to test the hypothesis that HIV-2 has a lower replication rate in vivo than HIV-1 does, we quantified total viral DNA, integrated proviral DNA, cell-associated viral mRNA, and plasma viral loads in peripheral blood samples from groups of therapy-naïve HIV-1-infected (n = 21) and HIV-2-infected (n = 18) individuals from Dakar, Senegal, with CD4+ T-cell counts of >200/µl. Consistent with our previous findings, total viral DNA loads were similar between HIV-1 and HIV-2 and plasma viral loads were higher among HIV-1-infected individuals. Proportions of DNA in the integrated form were also similar between these viruses. In contrast, levels of viral mRNA were lower in HIV-2 infection. Our study indicates that HIV-2 is able to establish a stable, integrated proviral infection in vivo, but that accumulation of viral mRNA is attenuated in HIV-2 infection relative to that in HIV-1 infection. The differences in viral mRNA are consistent with the differences in plasma viral loads between HIV-1 and HIV-2 and suggest that lower plasma viral loads, and possibly the attenuated pathogenesis of HIV-2, can be explained by lower rates of viral replication in vivo.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, 651 Huntington Ave., Boston, MA 02115. Phone: (617) 432-1267. Fax: (617) 432-3575. E-mail: pkanki{at}hsph.harvard.edu

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 28 February 2007.

Journal of Virology, May 2007, p. 5325-5330, Vol. 81, No. 10
0022-538X/07/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02625-06
Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Jallow, S., Alabi, A., Sarge-Njie, R., Peterson, K., Whittle, H., Corrah, T., Jaye, A., Cotten, M., Vanham, G., McConkey, S. J., Rowland-Jones, S., Janssens, W. (2009). Virological Response to Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) and in Patients Dually Infected with HIV-1 and HIV-2 in The Gambia and Emergence of Drug-Resistant Variants. J. Clin. Microbiol. 47: 2200-2208 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • HUPFELD, J., EFFERTH, T. (2009). Drug Resistance of Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Overcoming it by Natural Products. In Vivo 23: 1-6 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Munch, J., Rajan, D., Schindler, M., Specht, A., Rucker, E., Novembre, F. J., Nerrienet, E., Muller-Trutwin, M. C., Peeters, M., Hahn, B. H., Kirchhoff, F. (2007). Nef-Mediated Enhancement of Virion Infectivity and Stimulation of Viral Replication Are Fundamental Properties of Primate Lentiviruses. J. Virol. 81: 13852-13864 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»