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Journal of Virology, May 2006, p. 4396-4405, Vol. 80, No. 9
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.9.4396-4405.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The Us9 Gene of Bovine Herpesvirus 1 (BHV-1) Effectively Complements a Us9-Null Strain of BHV-5 for Anterograde Transport, Neurovirulence, and Neuroinvasiveness in a Rabbit Model{dagger}

S. I. Chowdhury,1* S. Mahmood,1 J. Simon,1 A. Al-Mubarak,1 and Y. Zhou2

Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506,1 Center for Biotechnology, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 685882

Received 29 September 2005/ Accepted 28 December 2005

The alphaherpesvirus envelope protein Us9 is a type II viral membrane protein that is required for anterograde spread of bovine herpesvirus 5 (BHV-5) infection from the olfactory receptor neurons to the brain. In a rabbit seizure model, Us9-deleted BHV-5 failed to invade the central nervous system (CNS) following intranasal infection. However, when injected directly into the olfactory bulb, retrograde-spread infection from the olfactory bulb (OB) to the piriform cortex and other areas connected to the OB was not affected. In contrast to BHV-5, wild-type BHV-1 failed to invade the CNS following intranasal infection. In this study, we show that mature BHV-1 Us9 is a 30- to 32-kDa protein, whereas mature BHV-5 Us9 is an 18- to 20-kDa protein. In vitro, BHV-1 Us9 is expressed at 3 h postinfection (hpi), whereas BHV-5 Us9 is expressed at 6 hpi. Despite these differences, BHV-1 Us9 not only complemented for BHV-5 Us9 and rescued the anterograde-spread defect of the BHV-5 Us9-deleted virus but conferred increased neurovirulence and neuroinvasiveness in our rabbit seizure model. Rabbits infected with BHV-5 expressing BHV-1 Us9 showed severe neurological signs at 5 days postinfection, which was 1 to 2 days earlier than BHV-5 wild-type or Us9-reverted BHV-5 virus. The data underscore the importance of both Us9 genes for virion anterograde transport and neuroinvasiveness. However, Us9 is not the determinant of the differential neuropathogenesis of BHV-1 and BHV-5.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506. Phone: (785) 532-4616. Fax: (785) 532-4039. E-mail: chowdh{at}vet.k-state.edu.

{dagger} Contribution 06-82-J, Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station.

Journal of Virology, May 2006, p. 4396-4405, Vol. 80, No. 9
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.9.4396-4405.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Lyman, M. G., Kemp, C. D., Taylor, M. P., Enquist, L. W. (2009). Comparison of the Pseudorabies Virus Us9 Protein with Homologs from Other Veterinary and Human Alphaherpesviruses. J. Virol. 83: 6978-6986 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


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