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Journal of Virology, April 2006, p. 3801-3810, Vol. 80, No. 8
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.8.3801-3810.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Full Genomic Analysis of Human Rotavirus Strain B4106 and Lapine Rotavirus Strain 30/96 Provides Evidence for Interspecies Transmission{dagger}

Jelle Matthijnssens,1 Mustafizur Rahman,1,2 Vito Martella,3 Yang Xuelei,1,4 Sofie De Vos,1 Karolien De Leener,1 Max Ciarlet,5 Canio Buonavoglia,3 and Marc Van Ranst1*

Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,1 Laboratory of Virology, ICDDR,B: Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh,2 Department of Animal Health and Wellbeing, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of Bari, Bari, Italy,3 Xinjiang Pediatric Institute, People's Hospital, Urumqi, People's Republic of China,4 Vaccine and Biologics-Clinical Research, Merck & Co., Inc., Blue Bell, Pennsylvania 194225

Received 8 November 2005/ Accepted 24 January 2006

The Belgian rotavirus strain B4106, isolated from a child with gastroenteritis, was previously found to have VP7 (G3), VP4 (P[14]), and NSP4 (A genotype) genes closely related to those of lapine rotaviruses, suggesting a possible lapine origin or natural reassortment of strain B4106. To investigate the origin of this unusual strain, the gene sequences encoding VP1, VP2, VP3, VP6, NSP1, NSP2, NSP3, and NSP5/6 were also determined. To allow comparison to a lapine strain, the 11 double-stranded RNA segments of a European G3P[14] rabbit rotavirus strain 30/96 were also determined. The complete genome similarity between strains B4106 and 30/96 was 93.4% at the nucleotide level and 96.9% at the amino acid level. All 11 genome segments of strain B4106 were closely related to those of lapine rotaviruses and clustered with the lapine strains in phylogenetic analyses. In addition, sequence analyses of the NSP5 gene of strain B4106 revealed that the altered electrophoretic mobility of NSP5, resulting in a super-short pattern, was due to a gene rearrangement (head-to-tail partial duplication, combined with two short insertions and a deletion). Altogether, these findings confirm that a rotavirus strain with an entirely lapine genome complement was able to infect and cause severe disease in a human child.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Phone: 32-16-347908. Fax: 32-16-332131. E-mail: marc.vanranst{at}uz.kuleuven.ac.be.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jvi.asm.org/.

Journal of Virology, April 2006, p. 3801-3810, Vol. 80, No. 8
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.8.3801-3810.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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