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Journal of Virology, March 2006, p. 3122-3125, Vol. 80, No. 6
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.6.3122-3125.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Relative Dominance of Gag p24-Specific Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Is Associated with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Control

Asociación Civil IMPACTA Salud y Educación, Lima, Peru,¹ Partners AIDS Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts,² University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma,³ Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, and Santa Fe Institute, Santa Fe, New Mexico⁴

Received 5 October 2005/ Accepted 21 December 2005

Conflicting data on the role of total virus- and protein-specific cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses in the control of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression exist. We present data generated from a Peruvian cohort of untreated, clade B-infected subjects, demonstrating that the proportion of Gag-specific, and in particular p24-reactive, CTL responses among the total virus-specific CTL activity is associated with individuals' CD4 counts and viral loads. Analyses in a second cohort in the United States confirm these findings and point towards a dominant role of Gag-specific immunity in effective control of HIV infection, providing important guidance for HIV vaccine development.

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