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Journal of Virology, March 2006, p. 2100-2105, Vol. 80, No. 5
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.5.2100-2105.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Retroviral Restriction Factors Fv1 and TRIM5{alpha} Act Independently and Can Compete for Incoming Virus before Reverse Transcription

Luca D. Passerini, Zuzana Keckesova, and Greg J. Towers*

Wohl Virion Centre, Division of Infection and Immunity, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, London W1T4JF, United Kingdom

Received 27 September 2005/ Accepted 14 December 2005

The restriction factors Fv1 and TRIM5{alpha} provide dominant blocks to retroviral infection, targeting incoming capsids at a postentry, preintegration step. They both restrict N-tropic murine leukemia virus with similar specificity yet act at different points in the viral life cycle. TRIM5{alpha}-restricted virus is usually unable to reverse transcribe, whereas Fv1-restricted virus reverse transcribes normally. Here we investigate the relationship between these two restriction factors by expressing Fv1 alleles in human cells. We demonstrate that Fv1 is able to compete with TRIM5{alpha} for virus before reverse transcription. In human cells expressing Fv1b, N-tropic restricted virus becomes less infectious but reverse transcribes more efficiently, indicating competition between the two antiviral molecules and protection of the virus from TRIM5{alpha} by Fv1. Our findings suggest that, like TRIM5{alpha}, Fv1 interacts with virus before reverse transcription, but the consequences of this interaction are not realized until a later stage of the life cycle. We also demonstrate that Fv1 is functionally independent of TRIM5{alpha} when expressed in human cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, Windeyer Building, 46 Cleveland St., London W1T4JF, United Kingdom. Phone: 44-20-7679-9535. Fax: 44-20-7679-9555. E-mail: g.towers{at}ucl.ac.uk.

Journal of Virology, March 2006, p. 2100-2105, Vol. 80, No. 5
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.5.2100-2105.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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