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Journal of Virology, December 2006, p. 11861-11867, Vol. 80, No. 23
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00751-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Translational Inhibition and Increased Interferon Induction in Cells Infected with C Protein-Deficient Measles Virus{triangledown}

Yuichiro Nakatsu,1 Makoto Takeda,1* Shinji Ohno,1 Ritsuko Koga,2 and Yusuke Yanagi1

Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan,1 Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan2

Received 12 April 2006/ Accepted 12 September 2006

In addition to the phosphoprotein, the P gene of measles virus (MV) also encodes the V and C proteins by an RNA editing process and by alternative initiation of translation in a different reading frame, respectively. Although the MV C protein is required for efficient MV replication in vivo and in some cultured cells, its exact functions in virus infection are currently unclear. Here, we report that a recombinant MV lacking the C protein (MV{Delta}C) grew poorly in a human cell line possessing the intact interferon (IFN) pathway and that this growth defect was associated with reduced viral translation and genome replication. The translational inhibition was correlated with phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2. Moreover, increased IFN induction was observed in MV{Delta}C-infected cells. The NS1 protein of influenza virus, which binds to double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and consequently inhibits IFN induction and dsRNA-dependent protein kinase activation, complemented the growth defect of MV{Delta}C. These results indicate that the MV C protein inhibits IFN induction and modulates host antiviral responses, thereby ensuring MV growth in host cells.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. Phone: 81-92-642-6138. Fax: 81-92-642-6140. E-mail: mtakeda{at}virology.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 20 September 2006.

Journal of Virology, December 2006, p. 11861-11867, Vol. 80, No. 23
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00751-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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