This Article
Right arrow Full Text
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowReprints and Permissions
Right arrow Copyright Information
Right arrow Books from ASM Press
Right arrow MicrobeWorld
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Heath, L.
Right arrow Articles by Martin, D. P.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Heath, L.
Right arrow Articles by Martin, D. P.

 Previous Article  |  Next Article 

Journal of Virology, December 2006, p. 11827-11832, Vol. 80, No. 23
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01100-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Recombination Patterns in Aphthoviruses Mirror Those Found in Other Picornaviruses{triangledown}

Livio Heath,1 Eric van der Walt,1 Arvind Varsani,2 and Darren P. Martin3*

Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa,1 Electron Microscopy Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa,2 Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory 7925, South Africa3

Received 30 May 2006/ Accepted 4 September 2006

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is thought to evolve largely through genetic drift driven by the inherently error-prone nature of its RNA polymerase. There is, however, increasing evidence that recombination is an important mechanism in the evolution of these and other related picornoviruses. Here, we use an extensive set of recombination detection methods to identify 86 unique potential recombination events among 125 publicly available FMDV complete genome sequences. The large number of events detected between members of different serotypes suggests that horizontal flow of sequences among the serotypes is relatively common and does not incur severe fitness costs. Interestingly, the distribution of recombination breakpoints was found to be largely nonrandom. Whereas there are clear breakpoint cold spots within the structural genes, two statistically significant hot spots precisely separate these from the nonstructural genes. Very similar breakpoint distributions were found for other picornovirus species in the genera Enterovirus and Teschovirus. Our results suggest that genome regions encoding the structural proteins of both FMDV and other picornaviruses are functionally interchangeable modules, supporting recent proposals that the structural and nonstructural coding regions of the picornaviruses are evolving largely independently of one another.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa. Phone: 27-21-406 6366. Fax: 27-21-689 1528. E-mail: Darren{at}science.uct.ac.za.

{triangledown} Published ahead of print on 13 September 2006.

Journal of Virology, December 2006, p. 11827-11832, Vol. 80, No. 23
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01100-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



This article has been cited by other articles:

  • Harkins, G. W., Martin, D. P., Duffy, S., Monjane, A. L., Shepherd, D. N., Windram, O. P., Owor, B. E., Donaldson, L., van Antwerpen, T., Sayed, R. A., Flett, B., Ramusi, M., Rybicki, E. P., Peterschmitt, M., Varsani, A. (2009). Dating the origins of the maize-adapted strain of maize streak virus, MSV-A. J. Gen. Virol. 90: 3066-3074 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Blinkova, O., Kapoor, A., Victoria, J., Jones, M., Wolfe, N., Naeem, A., Shaukat, S., Sharif, S., Alam, M. M., Angez, M., Zaidi, S., Delwart, E. L. (2009). Cardioviruses Are Genetically Diverse and Cause Common Enteric Infections in South Asian Children. J. Virol. 83: 4631-4641 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lewis-Rogers, N., Bendall, M. L., Crandall, K. A. (2009). Phylogenetic Relationships and Molecular Adaptation Dynamics of Human Rhinoviruses. Mol Biol Evol 26: 969-981 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lefeuvre, P., Lett, J.-M., Varsani, A., Martin, D. P. (2009). Widely Conserved Recombination Patterns among Single-Stranded DNA Viruses. J. Virol. 83: 2697-2707 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • van der Walt, E., Rybicki, E. P., Varsani, A., Polston, J. E., Billharz, R., Donaldson, L., Monjane, A. L., Martin, D. P. (2009). Rapid host adaptation by extensive recombination. J. Gen. Virol. 90: 734-746 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Varsani, A., Shepherd, D. N., Monjane, A. L., Owor, B. E., Erdmann, J. B., Rybicki, E. P., Peterschmitt, M., Briddon, R. W., Markham, P. G., Oluwafemi, S., Windram, O. P., Lefeuvre, P., Lett, J.-M., Martin, D. P. (2008). Recombination, decreased host specificity and increased mobility may have driven the emergence of maize streak virus as an agricultural pathogen. J. Gen. Virol. 89: 2063-2074 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Luke, G. A., de Felipe, P., Lukashev, A., Kallioinen, S. E., Bruno, E. A., Ryan, M. D. (2008). Occurrence, function and evolutionary origins of '2A-like' sequences in virus genomes. J. Gen. Virol. 89: 1036-1042 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Lefeuvre, P., Martin, D. P., Hoareau, M., Naze, F., Delatte, H., Thierry, M., Varsani, A., Becker, N., Reynaud, B., Lett, J.-M. (2007). Begomovirus 'melting pot' in the south-west Indian Ocean islands: molecular diversity and evolution through recombination. J. Gen. Virol. 88: 3458-3468 [Abstract] [Full Text]  
  • Carrillo, C., Lu, Z., Borca, M. V., Vagnozzi, A., Kutish, G. F., Rock, D. L. (2007). Genetic and Phenotypic Variation of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus during Serial Passages in a Natural Host. J. Virol. 81: 11341-11351 [Abstract] [Full Text]  


Copyright © 2009 by the American Society for Microbiology.   For an alternate route to Journals.ASM.org, visit: http://intl-journals.asm.org | More Info»