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Journal of Virology, January 2006, p. 1047-1052, Vol. 80, No. 2
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.2.1047-1052.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Longitudinal Analysis of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 nef/Long Terminal Repeat Sequences in a Cohort of Long-Term Survivors Infected from a Single Source

Melissa J. Churchill,1 David I. Rhodes,1,{dagger} Jennifer C. Learmont,2 John S. Sullivan,2,3 Steven L. Wesselingh,1,4 Ian R. C. Cooke,1 Nicholas J. Deacon,1,{ddagger} and Paul R. Gorry1,4*

The Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia,1 Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,2 Faculty of Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,3 Department of Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia4

Received 13 October 2005/ Accepted 25 October 2005

We studied the evolution of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in a cohort of long-term survivors infected with an attenuated strain of HIV-1 acquired from a single source. Although the cohort members experienced differing clinical courses, we demonstrate similar evolution of HIV-1 nef/long-terminal repeat (LTR) sequences, characterized by progressive sequence deletions tending toward a minimal nef/LTR structure that retains only sequence elements required for viral replication. The in vivo pathogenicity of attenuated HIV-1 is therefore dictated by viral and/or host factors other than those that impose a unidirectional selection pressure on the nef/LTR region of the HIV-1 genome.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Macfarlane Burnet Institute for Medical Research and Public Health, GPO Box 2284, Melbourne 3001, Victoria, Australia. Phone: 61 3 9282 2129. Fax: 61 3 9282 2100. E-mail: gorry{at}burnet.edu.au.

{dagger} Present address: Avexa Ltd., Richmond, Victoria, Australia.

{ddagger} Present address: Monash University, Gippsland Campus, Churchill, Victoria, Australia.

Journal of Virology, January 2006, p. 1047-1052, Vol. 80, No. 2
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.80.2.1047-1052.2006
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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