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Journal of Virology, October 2006, p. 9896-9898, Vol. 80, No. 19
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.01118-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Proteolytic Activation of Influenza Viruses by Serine Proteases TMPRSS2 and HAT from Human Airway Epithelium

Institute of Virology, Philipps University, 35043 Marburg, Germany

Received 31 May 2006/ Accepted 6 July 2006

Host cell proteases that cleave the hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza viruses in the human respiratory tract are still not identified. Here we cloned two human type II transmembrane serine proteases with known airway localization, TMPRSS2 and HAT, into mammalian expression vector. Cotransfection of mammalian cells with plasmids encoding HA and either protease resulted in HA cleavage in situ. Transient expression of either protease in MDCK cells enabled multicycle replication of influenza viruses in these cells in the absence of exogenous trypsin. These data suggest that TMPRSS2 and HAT are candidates for proteolytic activation of influenza viruses in vivo.

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