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Journal of Virology, October 2006, p. 9628-9633, Vol. 80, No. 19
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00622-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Antibodies to gp350/220 Enhance the Ability of Epstein-Barr Virus To Infect Epithelial Cells

Susan M. Turk, Ru Jiang, Liudmila S. Chesnokova, and Lindsey M. Hutt-Fletcher*

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Molecular and Tumor Virology and Feist-Weiller Cancer Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana

Received 28 March 2006/ Accepted 20 July 2006

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a persistent, orally transmitted herpesvirus that replicates in B cells and epithelial cells and is associated with lymphoid and epithelial malignancies. The virus binds to CD21 on B cells via glycoprotein gp350/220 and infects efficiently. Infection of cultured epithelial cells has not typically been efficient but can occur in the absence of gp350/220 and CD21 and in vivo is thought to be important to the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. We report here that antibodies to gp350/220, which inhibit EBV infection of B cells, enhance infection of epithelial cells. The effect is not mediated by Fc receptor binding but is further enhanced by antibody cross-linking, which may patch gp350/220 in the virus envelope. Saliva from EBV-seropositive individuals has similar effects that can be reversed by depletion of antibody. The results are consistent with a model in which gp350/220 interferes with the access of other important players to the epithelial cell surface. The results may have implications for the development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in high-risk populations in which elevated titers of antibody to EBV lytic cycle proteins are prognostic.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130. Phone: (318) 675-4948. Fax: (318) 675-5764. E-mail: lhuttf{at}lsuhsc.edu.

Journal of Virology, October 2006, p. 9628-9633, Vol. 80, No. 19
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00622-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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