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Journal of Virology, September 2006, p. 8834-8842, Vol. 80, No. 17
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00752-06

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Genomics and Global Diversity{dagger}

Varough M. Deyde,1,{ddagger} Marina L. Khristova,2,3 Pierre E. Rollin,1 Thomas G. Ksiazek,1 and Stuart T. Nichol1*

Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases,1 Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia,2 Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, Decatur, Georgia3

Received 12 April 2006/ Accepted 31 May 2006

Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe illness with high case fatality that occurs in Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and Asia. The complete genomes of 13 geographically and temporally diverse virus strains were determined, and CCHF viruses were found to be highly variable with 20 and 8%, 31 and 27%, and 22 and 10% nucleotide and deduced amino acid differences detected among virus S (nucleocapsid), M (glycoprotein), and L (polymerase) genome segments, respectively. Distinct geographic lineages exist, but with multiple exceptions indicative of long-distance virus movement. Discrepancies among the virus S, M, and L phylogenetic tree topologies document multiple RNA segment reassortment events. An analysis of individual segment datasets suggests genetic recombination also occurs. For an arthropod-borne virus, the genomic plasticity of CCHF virus is surprisingly high.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30329. Phone: (404) 639-1115. Fax: (404) 639-1118. E-mail: stn1{at}cdc.gov.

{dagger} Supplemental material for this article may be found at http://jvi.asm.org/.

{ddagger} Present address: Influenza Branch, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, MS G-16, Atlanta, GA 30329. Phone: (404) 639-2898. Fax: (404) 639-2334. E-mail: che5{at}cdc.gov.

Journal of Virology, September 2006, p. 8834-8842, Vol. 80, No. 17
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00752-06




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