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Journal of Virology, July 2006, p. 7270-7274, Vol. 80, No. 14
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02675-05
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

Evolutionary History of the Closely Related Group 2 Coronaviruses: Porcine Hemagglutinating Encephalomyelitis Virus, Bovine Coronavirus, and Human Coronavirus OC43

Leen Vijgen,1 Els Keyaerts,1 Philippe Lemey,2 Piet Maes,1 Kristien Van Reeth,3 Hans Nauwynck,3 Maurice Pensaert,3 and Marc Van Ranst1*

Laboratory of Clinical & Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium,1 Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom,2 Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium3

Received 21 December 2005/ Accepted 16 April 2006

The close genetic and antigenic relatedness among the group 2 coronaviruses human coronavirus OC43 (HCoV-OC43), bovine coronavirus (BCoV), and porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) suggests that these three viruses with different host specificities diverged fairly recently. In this study, we determined the complete genomic sequence of PHEV (strain PHEV-VW572), revealing the presence of a truncated group 2-specific ns2 gene in PHEV in comparison to other group 2 coronaviruses. Using a relaxed molecular clock approach, we reconstructed the evolutionary relationships between PHEV, BCoV, and HCoV-OC43 in real-time units, which indicated relatively recent common ancestors for these species-specific coronaviruses.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat 10, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. Phone: 32-16-347908. Fax: 32-16-347900. E-mail: marc.vanranst{at}uz.kuleuven.ac.be.

Journal of Virology, July 2006, p. 7270-7274, Vol. 80, No. 14
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.02675-05
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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