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Journal of Virology, July 2006, p. 6895-6905, Vol. 80, No. 14
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00368-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.

The 2.6-Angstrom Structure of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus-Derived T=1 Particles Reveals New Stabilizing Elements of the Virus Capsid

Damià Garriga,1 Jordi Querol-Audí,1 Fernando Abaitua,4,{dagger} Irene Saugar,3 Joan Pous,2 Núria Verdaguer,1* José R. Castón,3 and José F. Rodriguez4

Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona, CSIC,1 Plataforma Automatizada de Cristalografia PCB-CSIC, Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona,2 Departments of Structure of Macromolecules,3 Molecular and Cell Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, CSIC, Calle Darwin no. 3, 28049 Madrid, Spain4

Received 22 February 2006/ Accepted 2 May 2006

Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a member of the Birnaviridae family, is a double-stranded RNA virus that causes a highly contagious disease in young chickens leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry. The VP2 protein, the only structural component of the IBDV icosahedral capsid, spontaneously assembles into T=1 subviral particles (SVP) when individually expressed as a chimeric gene. We have determined the crystal structure of the T=1 SVP to 2.60 Å resolution. Our results show that the 20 trimeric VP2 clusters forming the T=1 shell are further stabilized by calcium ions located at the threefold icosahedral axes. The structure also reveals a new unexpected domain swapping that mediates interactions between adjacent trimers: a short helical segment located close to the end of the long C-terminal arm of VP2 is projected toward the threefold axis of a neighboring VP2 trimer, leading to a complex network of interactions that increases the stability of the T=1 particles. Analysis of crystal packing shows that the exposed capsid residues, His253 and Thr284, determinants of IBDV virulence and the adaptation of the virus to grow in cell culture, are involved in particle-particle interactions.

* Corresponding author. Mailing address: IBMB-CSIC Parc Cientific de Barcelona, Josep Samitier 1-5, 08028 Barcelona, Spain. Phone: 34 93 403 49 52. Fax: 34 93 403 49 79. E-mail: nvmcri{at}ibmb.csic.es.

{dagger} Present address: Marie Curie Research Institute, The Chart, Oxted, Surrey RH8 0TL, United Kingdom.

Journal of Virology, July 2006, p. 6895-6905, Vol. 80, No. 14
0022-538X/06/$08.00+0     doi:10.1128/JVI.00368-06
Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.



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